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עמוד:*83
83 * There is extensive evidence that attachment security ( low scores on attachment anxiety or avoidance ) is associated with improved mental health, interpersonal functioning, and relationship quality ( see Mikulincer & Shaver, 2016, for a review ) . Specifically, people who score lower on attachment anxiety or avoidance tend to score higher on self - report measures of novelty seeking, curiosity, exploratory interest, and openness to new ideas and perspectives . Findings also indicate that more secure people are, the more willing and able they are to access painful memories and re - experience the accompanying negative affect . Studies have also shown that attachment security is associated with lower scores on measures of cognitive closure, dogmatic thinking, right - wing authoritarianism, intolerance of ambiguity, and rejection of information that challenges the validity of one’s beliefs ( Mikulincer & Shaver, 2016 ) . Although attachment orientations are generally stable from infancy to adulthood, they are not necessarily unalterable ( Bowlby, 1973 ) . While people tend to assimilate new information to existing working models, they are also able to revise these models according to new attachment - relevant experiences, if they deviate significantly from their dominants self - related and social schemas ( e . g . , insecure people's interactions with a new remarkably caring relationship partner, secure people's loss of an attachment bond ) . These changing life circumstances can lead people to reflect upon their working models of self and others as well as about the fitness of their attachment - related feelings, cognitions, and behaviors to the current circumstances and then revise their dominant attachment orientations ( Mikulincer & Shaver, . ) 2016 The main question here is to what extent attachment orientations can be changed throughout life . Two different perspectives on this issue have evolved in attachment theory and research ( Fraley, 2002 ) . Some theorists endorse the prototype view, according to which a stable prototype of attachment - related mental representations is carried from infancy across life, but current attachment - relevant experiences can flexibly create new relational expectations and beliefs and lead people to feel and behave in ways that do not entirely fit their dominant prototype . That is, a person’s attachment orientation in a given context ( state - like attachment orientation ) is always a combination of his or her dominant prototype and his or her positive or negative experiences with a current relationship partner . Alternatively, others hold a revisionist
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אדמוני, אריאל
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