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עמוד:*54
54 * other tourists' publications, 69 but some of them add a demurrer that alcohol was hard to find and expensive . 70 However, religious legislation still existed in Qatar, and included dietary laws such as prohibitions on alcohol usage . 71 The consumption of alcohol was strictly prohibited for Muslims who formed 80 % of the population . Although some establishments, frequented by Western expatriates, were authorized to hold liquor licenses, they needed to receive licenses from the authorities . 72 A journalist who visited Qatar in 2000 described the various warnings about the Qatari police's rigidity when it comes to alcohol and drugs . At the entrance to a local bar, the journalist encountered a Qatari policeman, who prevented Qatari citizens from entering . 73 Other journalists observed that Doha seemed isolated and the city had "no nightclubs, and no bars ; alcohol is banned" . 74 But the loose attitude toward the behavior of foreigners and tourists affected the entire population . Especially during the 1990 s, liberalism spread in the society . 75 In an article in The Wall Street Journal, one reporter concluded : In the past seven years, this tiny emirate has gone through a social revolution that has given women and men freedoms unheard of in most of the Arabian Peninsula, including lifting the prohibition on alcohol . Nightclubs advertise happy hours . . . In one beachfront restaurant, Qatari women shrouded in black abayas carefully lift full - face veils to bite fried grouper as a Lebanese belly - dancer in a bikini shakes to roaring applause . In an air - conditioned hotel nearby, an Oktoberfest is in full swing, complete with rivers of beer . 76 Lisa McCoy, Qatar ( Major Muslim Nations ) ( Broomall, PA : Mason Crest Pub, 2010 ) , p . 69 . 69 Gordon Robison and Paul Greenway, Bahrain, Kuwait & Qatar ( Lonely Planet, 2020 ) , p . 163 . 70 Jonathan Fox, A World Surveyof Religion and the State ( Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 71 pp . 222 - 223 . , ) 2008 Karim Sader, "Entre Wahhabisme et Marche Forcée Vers la Modernité : Itinéraire D'un Qatar Cultivant 72 Les Paradoxes", Confluences Méditerranée, Vol . 2013 / 1, No . 84 ( Hiver 2012 - 2013 ) , p . 38 . Yair Kedar, "Qatar : Mercedes baMidbar" [ Qatar : Mercedes in the Desert ] , Masa Aher , Vol . 107 ( 2000 ) , 73 https : / / www . masa . co . il / article / % D7 % A7 % D7 % 98 % D7 % A8 - D7 % 9 E % D7 % A8 % D7 % A6 % D7 % 93 % D7 % A1 - % D7 % 91 % D7 % 9 E % D7 % 93 % D7 % 91 % D7 % A8 / % Accessed on 7 February 2022 ) . ( Mary Anne Weaver, “Democracy by decree : Can One Man Propel a Country into the Future ? ” The New 74 Yorker, 20 November 2000, p . 54 . Esra Çavu ş o ğ lu, "From Rise to Crisis : The Qatari Leadership", Turkish Journal of MiddleEastern 75 Studies , Vol . 7, No . 1 ( 2020 ) , p . 92 . Yaroslav TrofimovStaff, "In Quiet Revolt, Qatar Snubs Saudis with Women's Rights", The Wall Street 76 Journal , 24 October 2002 https : / / www . wsj . com / articles / SB1035412141534780791 ( Accessed on 29 October See also : Juan Cole, Engagingthe Muslim World ( Palgrave Macmillan, 2009 ) , p . 110 . . ) 2021
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אדמוני, אריאל
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