118 Michal Hartman manifestations . The first views Jewish chosenness as an expression of the Jewish people’s superiority over others . The second sees chosenness primarily as a responsibility to promote God’s message This distinction channels chosenness in two differentto the world . 3 directions, one particularistic and the other universalistic . In the first, chosenness is essentially a reward allocated to the Jewish people, a privilege and gift bestowed upon them to promote their particular while the second views chosenness as a roleneeds and interests, 4 only individuals but whole communities to action . Beneath the secular and historic framework of Zionism, Smith argues, lies the belief in the covenant between God and Abraham . In seeking national uniqueness, the old belief in ethnic election is transferred into a new political religion, creating a sense of dignity and continuity . See Anthony D . Smith, Chosen Peoples : Sacred Sources of National Identity ( New York : Oxford Uni...
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