Ibn al - ‘Arabī – On Five Influential Stations 108 the notion that one should make self - reckoning each instant 5 A most extreme definition of waraʿ is al - Shiblī’s ( d . 945 ) saying that waraʿ is to be scrupulous regarding everything except God 6 This definition comes very close to the extreme form of abstinence ( zuhd ) , the station in which one makes efforts to disconnect himself from the material world as far as one can 7 An exceptional definition is expressed by Yūsuf ibn Husayn al - Rāzī ( d . 916 ) who says that waraʿ means to be aware ( waqafa ʿalā ) of the definition of knowledge ( ḥadd al - ʿilm ) without interpretation By this definition he probably means that one should know things as they really are in order to be careful about abstaining from forbidden things 8 In al - Muḥāsibī the source of waraʿ is discussed in two books . In al - Waṣāya it is fear ( khawf ) that causes scrupulousness, while in al - Makāsib what arouses waraʿ is self - reckoning muḥāsaba ) 9 What st...
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